Prevent excessive disk consumption by log files

This commit enables management of the main Elasticsearch log files
out-of-the-box by the following changes:
 - compress rolled logs
 - roll logs every 128 MB
 - maintain a sliding window of logs
 - remove the oldest logs maintaining no more than 2 GB of compressed
   logs on disk

Relates #25660

distribution/src/main/resources/config/log4j2.properties

@@ -14,11 +14,21 @@ appender.rolling.name = rolling
 appender.rolling.fileName = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}${sys:file.separator}${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}.log
 appender.rolling.layout.type = PatternLayout
 appender.rolling.layout.pattern = [%d{ISO8601}][%-5p][%-25c{1.}] %marker%.-10000m%n
-appender.rolling.filePattern = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}${sys:file.separator}${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log
+appender.rolling.filePattern = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}${sys:file.separator}${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log.gz
 appender.rolling.policies.type = Policies
 appender.rolling.policies.time.type = TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy
 appender.rolling.policies.time.interval = 1
 appender.rolling.policies.time.modulate = true
+appender.rolling.policies.size.type = SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy
+appender.rolling.policies.size.size = 128MB
+appender.rolling.strategy.type = DefaultRolloverStrategy
+appender.rolling.strategy.fileIndex = nomax
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.type = Delete
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.basepath = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.type = IfFileName
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.glob = ${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}-*
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.nested_condition.type = IfAccumulatedFileSize
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.nested_condition.exceeds = 2GB
 
 rootLogger.level = info
 rootLogger.appenderRef.console.ref = console

docs/reference/setup/configuration.asciidoc

@@ -117,28 +117,47 @@ appender.rolling.type = RollingFile <1>
 appender.rolling.name = rolling
 appender.rolling.fileName = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}${sys:file.separator}${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}.log <2>
 appender.rolling.layout.type = PatternLayout
-appender.rolling.layout.pattern = [%d{ISO8601}][%-5p][%-25c] %.10000m%n
-appender.rolling.filePattern = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}${sys:file.separator}${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log <3>
+appender.rolling.layout.pattern = [%d{ISO8601}][%-5p][%-25c{1.}] %marker%.-10000m%n
+appender.rolling.filePattern = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}${sys:file.separator}${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log.gz <3>
 appender.rolling.policies.type = Policies
 appender.rolling.policies.time.type = TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy <4>
 appender.rolling.policies.time.interval = 1 <5>
 appender.rolling.policies.time.modulate = true <6>
+appender.rolling.policies.size.type = SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy <7>
+appender.rolling.policies.size.size = 256MB <8>
+appender.rolling.strategy.type = DefaultRolloverStrategy
+appender.rolling.strategy.fileIndex = nomax
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.type = Delete <9>
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.basepath = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.type = IfFileName <10>
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.glob = ${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}-* <11>
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.nested_condition.type = IfAccumulatedFileSize <12>
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.nested_condition.exceeds = 2GB <13>
 --------------------------------------------------
 
 <1> Configure the `RollingFile` appender
 <2> Log to `/var/log/elasticsearch/production.log`
-<3> Roll logs to `/var/log/elasticsearch/production-yyyy-MM-dd.log`
-<4> Using a time-based roll policy
+<3> Roll logs to `/var/log/elasticsearch/production-yyyy-MM-dd-i.log`; logs
+    will be compressed on each roll and `i` will be incremented
+<4> Use a time-based roll policy
 <5> Roll logs on a daily basis
 <6> Align rolls on the day boundary (as opposed to rolling every twenty-four
     hours)
+<7> Using a size-based roll policy
+<8> Roll logs after 256 MB
+<9> Use a delete action when rolling logs
+<10> Only delete logs matching a file pattern
+<11> The pattern is to only delete the main logs
+<12> Only delete if we have accumulated too many compressed logs
+<13> The size condition on the compressed logs is 2 GB
 
 NOTE: Log4j's configuration parsing gets confused by any extraneous whitespace;
 if you copy and paste any Log4j settings on this page, or enter any Log4j
 configuration in general, be sure to trim any leading and trailing whitespace.
 
-If you append `.gz` or `.zip` to `appender.rolling.filePattern`, then the logs
-will be compressed as they are rolled.
+Note than you can replace `.gz` by `.zip` in `appender.rolling.filePattern` to
+compress the rolled logs using the zip format. If you remove the `.gz`
+extension then logs will not be compressed as they are rolled.
 
 If you want to retain log files for a specified period of time, you can use a
 rollover strategy with a delete action.
@@ -148,22 +167,22 @@ rollover strategy with a delete action.
 appender.rolling.strategy.type = DefaultRolloverStrategy <1>
 appender.rolling.strategy.action.type = Delete <2>
 appender.rolling.strategy.action.basepath = ${sys:es.logs.base_path} <3>
-appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.type = IfLastModified <4>
-appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.age = 7D <5>
-appender.rolling.strategy.action.PathConditions.type = IfFileName <6>
-appender.rolling.strategy.action.PathConditions.glob = ${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}-* <7>
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.type = IfFileName <4>
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.glob = ${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}-* <5>
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.nested_condition.type = IfLastModified <6>
+appender.rolling.strategy.action.condition.nested_condition.age = 7D <7>
 --------------------------------------------------
 
 <1> Configure the `DefaultRolloverStrategy`
 <2> Configure the `Delete` action for handling rollovers
 <3> The base path to the Elasticsearch logs
 <4> The condition to apply when handling rollovers
-<5> Retain logs for seven days
-<6> Only delete files older than seven days if they match the specified glob
-<7> Delete files from the base path matching the glob
+<5> Delete files from the base path matching the glob
     `${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}-*`; this is the glob that log files are rolled
     to; this is needed to only delete the rolled Elasticsearch logs but not also
     delete the deprecation and slow logs
+<6> A nested condition to apply to files matching the glob
+<7> Retain logs for seven days
 
 Multiple configuration files can be loaded (in which case they will get merged)
 as long as they are named `log4j2.properties` and have the Elasticsearch config