Fix excessive increments in soft delete policy (#38813)

In this case, we were incrementing the policy too much. This means on
every iteration we actually keep increasing the minimum retained
sequence number, even with leases in place. It was a bug from when the
soft deletes policy had retention leases incorporated into it. This
commit fixes this bug by ensuring we only increment in the proper
places, and adds careful tests for the various situations.

server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/engine/SoftDeletesPolicy.java

@@ -137,11 +137,13 @@ final class SoftDeletesPolicy {
                     .orElse(Long.MAX_VALUE);
             /*
              * The minimum sequence number to retain is the minimum of the minimum based on retention leases, and the number of operations
-             * below the global checkpoint to retain (index.soft_deletes.retention.operations).
+             * below the global checkpoint to retain (index.soft_deletes.retention.operations). The additional increments on the global
+             * checkpoint and the local checkpoint of the safe commit are due to the fact that we want to retain all operations above
+             * those checkpoints.
              */
             final long minSeqNoForQueryingChanges =
-                    Math.min(globalCheckpointSupplier.getAsLong() - retentionOperations, minimumRetainingSequenceNumber);
-            final long minSeqNoToRetain = Math.min(minSeqNoForQueryingChanges, localCheckpointOfSafeCommit) + 1;
+                    Math.min(1 + globalCheckpointSupplier.getAsLong() - retentionOperations, minimumRetainingSequenceNumber);
+            final long minSeqNoToRetain = Math.min(minSeqNoForQueryingChanges, 1 + localCheckpointOfSafeCommit);
 
             /*
              * We take the maximum as minSeqNoToRetain can go backward as the retention operations value can be changed in settings, or from

server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/index/engine/SoftDeletesPolicyTests.java

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.OptionalLong;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
@@ -98,7 +99,9 @@ public class SoftDeletesPolicyTests extends ESTestCase  {
                         .min()
                         .orElse(Long.MAX_VALUE);
                 long retainedSeqNo =
-                        Math.min(safeCommitCheckpoint, Math.min(minimumRetainingSequenceNumber, globalCheckpoint.get() - retainedOps)) + 1;
+                        Math.min(
+                                1 + safeCommitCheckpoint,
+                                Math.min(minimumRetainingSequenceNumber, 1 + globalCheckpoint.get() - retainedOps));
                 minRetainedSeqNo = Math.max(minRetainedSeqNo, retainedSeqNo);
             }
             assertThat(retentionQuery.getNumDims(), equalTo(1));
@@ -113,7 +116,7 @@ public class SoftDeletesPolicyTests extends ESTestCase  {
                 .min()
                 .orElse(Long.MAX_VALUE);
         long retainedSeqNo =
-                Math.min(safeCommitCheckpoint, Math.min(minimumRetainingSequenceNumber, globalCheckpoint.get() - retainedOps)) + 1;
+                Math.min(1 + safeCommitCheckpoint, Math.min(minimumRetainingSequenceNumber, 1 + globalCheckpoint.get() - retainedOps));
         minRetainedSeqNo = Math.max(minRetainedSeqNo, retainedSeqNo);
         assertThat(policy.getMinRetainedSeqNo(), equalTo(minRetainedSeqNo));
     }
@@ -141,4 +144,87 @@ public class SoftDeletesPolicyTests extends ESTestCase  {
             assertThat(policy.getRetentionPolicy().v2().leases(), contains(leases.toArray(new RetentionLease[0])));
         }
     }
+
+    public void testWhenGlobalCheckpointDictatesThePolicy() {
+        final int retentionOperations = randomIntBetween(0, 1024);
+        final AtomicLong globalCheckpoint = new AtomicLong(randomLongBetween(0, Long.MAX_VALUE - 2));
+        final Collection<RetentionLease> leases = new ArrayList<>();
+        final int numberOfLeases = randomIntBetween(0, 16);
+        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfLeases; i++) {
+            // setup leases where the minimum retained sequence number is more than the policy dictated by the global checkpoint
+            leases.add(new RetentionLease(
+                    Integer.toString(i),
+                    randomLongBetween(1 + globalCheckpoint.get() - retentionOperations + 1, Long.MAX_VALUE),
+                    randomNonNegativeLong(), "test"));
+        }
+        final long primaryTerm = randomNonNegativeLong();
+        final long version = randomNonNegativeLong();
+        final Supplier<RetentionLeases> leasesSupplier =
+                () -> new RetentionLeases(
+                        primaryTerm,
+                        version,
+                        Collections.unmodifiableCollection(new ArrayList<>(leases)));
+        final SoftDeletesPolicy policy =
+                new SoftDeletesPolicy(globalCheckpoint::get, 0, retentionOperations, leasesSupplier);
+        // set the local checkpoint of the safe commit to more than the policy dicated by the global checkpoint
+        final long localCheckpointOfSafeCommit = randomLongBetween(1 + globalCheckpoint.get() - retentionOperations + 1, Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        policy.setLocalCheckpointOfSafeCommit(localCheckpointOfSafeCommit);
+        assertThat(policy.getMinRetainedSeqNo(), equalTo(1 + globalCheckpoint.get() - retentionOperations));
+    }
+
+    public void testWhenLocalCheckpointOfSafeCommitDictatesThePolicy() {
+        final int retentionOperations = randomIntBetween(0, 1024);
+        final long localCheckpointOfSafeCommit = randomLongBetween(-1, Long.MAX_VALUE - retentionOperations - 1);
+        final AtomicLong globalCheckpoint =
+                new AtomicLong(randomLongBetween(Math.max(0, localCheckpointOfSafeCommit + retentionOperations), Long.MAX_VALUE - 1));
+        final Collection<RetentionLease> leases = new ArrayList<>();
+        final int numberOfLeases = randomIntBetween(0, 16);
+        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfLeases; i++) {
+            leases.add(new RetentionLease(
+                    Integer.toString(i),
+                    randomLongBetween(1 + localCheckpointOfSafeCommit + 1, Long.MAX_VALUE), // leases are for more than the local checkpoint
+                    randomNonNegativeLong(), "test"));
+        }
+        final long primaryTerm = randomNonNegativeLong();
+        final long version = randomNonNegativeLong();
+        final Supplier<RetentionLeases> leasesSupplier =
+                () -> new RetentionLeases(
+                        primaryTerm,
+                        version,
+                        Collections.unmodifiableCollection(new ArrayList<>(leases)));
+
+        final SoftDeletesPolicy policy =
+                new SoftDeletesPolicy(globalCheckpoint::get, 0, retentionOperations, leasesSupplier);
+        policy.setLocalCheckpointOfSafeCommit(localCheckpointOfSafeCommit);
+        assertThat(policy.getMinRetainedSeqNo(), equalTo(1 + localCheckpointOfSafeCommit));
+    }
+
+    public void testWhenRetentionLeasesDictateThePolicy() {
+        final int retentionOperations = randomIntBetween(0, 1024);
+        final Collection<RetentionLease> leases = new ArrayList<>();
+        final int numberOfLeases = randomIntBetween(1, 16);
+        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfLeases; i++) {
+            leases.add(new RetentionLease(
+                    Integer.toString(i),
+                    randomLongBetween(0, Long.MAX_VALUE - retentionOperations - 1),
+                    randomNonNegativeLong(), "test"));
+        }
+        final OptionalLong minimumRetainingSequenceNumber = leases.stream().mapToLong(RetentionLease::retainingSequenceNumber).min();
+        assert minimumRetainingSequenceNumber.isPresent() : leases;
+        final long localCheckpointOfSafeCommit = randomLongBetween(minimumRetainingSequenceNumber.getAsLong(), Long.MAX_VALUE - 1);
+        final AtomicLong globalCheckpoint =
+                new AtomicLong(randomLongBetween(minimumRetainingSequenceNumber.getAsLong() + retentionOperations, Long.MAX_VALUE - 1));
+        final long primaryTerm = randomNonNegativeLong();
+        final long version = randomNonNegativeLong();
+        final Supplier<RetentionLeases> leasesSupplier =
+                () -> new RetentionLeases(
+                        primaryTerm,
+                        version,
+                        Collections.unmodifiableCollection(new ArrayList<>(leases)));
+        final SoftDeletesPolicy policy =
+                new SoftDeletesPolicy(globalCheckpoint::get, 0, retentionOperations, leasesSupplier);
+        policy.setLocalCheckpointOfSafeCommit(localCheckpointOfSafeCommit);
+        assertThat(policy.getMinRetainedSeqNo(), equalTo(minimumRetainingSequenceNumber.getAsLong()));
+    }
+
 }