[DOCS] Document range enrich policy (#79607)

Adding docs for the range enrich policy

Co-authored-by: James Rodewig <40268737+jrodewig@users.noreply.github.com>

docs/reference/ingest/apis/enrich/put-enrich-policy.asciidoc

@@ -98,6 +98,11 @@ Matches enrich data to incoming documents based on a
 Matches enrich data to incoming documents based on a
 <<query-dsl-term-query,`term` query>>. For an example, see
 <<match-enrich-policy-type>>.
+
+`range`:::
+Matches a number, date, or IP address in incoming documents to a range in the
+enrich index based on a <<query-dsl-term-query,`term` query>>. For an example,
+see <<range-enrich-policy-type>>.
 --
 +
 .Properties of `<policy-type>`

docs/reference/ingest/enrich.asciidoc

@@ -218,9 +218,6 @@ Instead, you can:
     to delete the previous enrich policy.
 // end::update-enrich-policy[]
 
-include::geo-match-enrich-policy-type-ex.asciidoc[]
-include::match-enrich-policy-type-ex.asciidoc[]
-
 [[ingest-enrich-components]]
 ==== Enrich components
 
@@ -271,3 +268,7 @@ How often {es} checks whether unused enrich indices can be deleted. Defaults to
 
 `enrich.max_concurrent_policy_executions`::
 Maximum number of enrich policies to execute concurrently. Defaults to `50`.
+
+include::geo-match-enrich-policy-type-ex.asciidoc[]
+include::match-enrich-policy-type-ex.asciidoc[]
+include::range-enrich-policy-type-ex.asciidoc[]

docs/reference/ingest/geo-match-enrich-policy-type-ex.asciidoc

@@ -165,6 +165,8 @@ The API returns the following response:
 --------------------------------------------------
 DELETE /_ingest/pipeline/postal_lookup
 DELETE /_enrich/policy/postal_policy
+DELETE /postal_codes
+DELETE /users
 --------------------------------------------------
 // TEST[continued]
 ////

docs/reference/ingest/match-enrich-policy-type-ex.asciidoc

@@ -146,6 +146,8 @@ The API returns the following response:
 --------------------------------------------------
 DELETE /_ingest/pipeline/user_lookup
 DELETE /_enrich/policy/users-policy
+DELETE /my-index-000001
+DELETE /users
 --------------------------------------------------
 // TEST[continued]
 ////

docs/reference/ingest/range-enrich-policy-type-ex.asciidoc

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+[role="xpack"]
+[testenv="basic"]
+[[range-enrich-policy-type]]
+=== Example: Enrich your data by matching a value to a range
+
+A `range` <<enrich-policy,enrich policy>> uses a <<query-dsl-term-query,`term`
+query>> to match a number, date, or IP address in incoming documents to a range
+of the same type in the enrich index. Matching a range to a range is not
+supported.
+
+The following example creates a `range` enrich policy that adds a descriptive network name and
+responsible department to incoming documents based on an IP address. It then
+adds the enrich policy to a processor in an ingest pipeline.
+
+Use the <<indices-create-index, create index API>> with the appropriate mappings to create a source index.
+
+[source,console]
+----
+PUT /networks
+{
+  "mappings": {
+    "properties": {
+      "range": { "type": "ip_range" },
+      "name": { "type": "keyword" },
+      "department": { "type": "keyword" }
+    }
+  }
+}
+----
+
+The following index API request indexes a new document to that index.
+
+[source,console]
+----
+PUT /networks/_doc/1?refresh=wait_for
+{
+  "range": "10.100.0.0/16",
+  "name": "production",
+  "department": "OPS"
+}
+----
+// TEST[continued]
+
+Use the create enrich policy API to create an enrich policy with the
+`range` policy type. This policy must include:
+
+* One or more source indices
+* A `match_field`,
+the field from the source indices used to match incoming documents
+* Enrich fields from the source indices you'd like to append to incoming
+documents
+
+Since we plan to enrich documents based on an IP address, the policy's
+`match_field` must be an `ip_range` field.
+
+[source,console]
+----
+PUT /_enrich/policy/networks-policy
+{
+  "range": {
+    "indices": "networks",
+    "match_field": "range",
+    "enrich_fields": ["name", "department"]
+  }
+}
+----
+// TEST[continued]
+
+Use the <<execute-enrich-policy-api,execute enrich policy API>> to create an
+enrich index for the policy.
+
+[source,console]
+----
+POST /_enrich/policy/networks-policy/_execute
+----
+// TEST[continued]
+
+
+Use the <<put-pipeline-api,create or update pipeline API>> to create an ingest
+pipeline. In the pipeline, add an <<enrich-processor,enrich processor>> that
+includes:
+
+* Your enrich policy.
+* The `field` of incoming documents used to match documents
+from the enrich index.
+* The `target_field` used to store appended enrich data for incoming documents.
+This field contains the `match_field` and `enrich_fields` specified in your
+enrich policy.
+
+[source,console]
+----
+PUT /_ingest/pipeline/networks_lookup
+{
+  "processors" : [
+    {
+      "enrich" : {
+        "description": "Add 'network' data based on 'ip'",
+        "policy_name": "networks-policy",
+        "field" : "ip",
+        "target_field": "network",
+        "max_matches": "10"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+----
+// TEST[continued]
+
+Use the ingest pipeline to index a document. The incoming document should
+include the `field` specified in your enrich processor.
+
+[source,console]
+----
+PUT /my-index-000001/_doc/my_id?pipeline=networks_lookup
+{
+  "ip": "10.100.34.1"
+}
+----
+// TEST[continued]
+
+To verify the enrich processor matched and appended the appropriate field data,
+use the <<docs-get,get API>> to view the indexed document.
+
+[source,console]
+----
+GET /my-index-000001/_doc/my_id
+----
+// TEST[continued]
+
+The API returns the following response:
+
+[source,console-result]
+----
+{
+  "_index" : "my-index-000001",
+  "_id" : "my_id",
+  "_version" : 1,
+  "_seq_no" : 0,
+  "_primary_term" : 1,
+  "found" : true,
+  "_source" : {
+    "ip" : "10.100.34.1",
+    "network" : [
+      {
+        "name" : "production",
+        "range" : "10.100.0.0/16",
+        "department" : "OPS"
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
+----
+// TESTRESPONSE[s/"_seq_no": \d+/"_seq_no" : $body._seq_no/ s/"_primary_term":1/"_primary_term" : $body._primary_term/]
+
+////
+[source,console]
+--------------------------------------------------
+DELETE /_ingest/pipeline/networks_lookup
+DELETE /_enrich/policy/networks-policy
+DELETE /networks
+DELETE /my-index-000001
+--------------------------------------------------
+// TEST[continued]
+////