elasticsearch/docs/reference/query-languages/query-dsl/vector-queries.md

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Vector queries [vector-queries]

Vector queries are specialized queries that work on vector fields to efficiently perform semantic search.

knn query : A query that finds the k nearest vectors to a query vector for dense_vector fields, as measured by a similarity metric.

sparse_vector query : A query used to search sparse_vector field types.

semantic query : A query that allows you to perform semantic search on semantic_text fields.

Deprecated vector queries [_deprecated_vector_queries]

The following queries have been deprecated and will be removed in the near future. Use the sparse_vector query query instead.

text_expansion query : A query that allows you to perform sparse vector search on sparse_vector or rank_features fields.

weighted_tokens query : Allows to perform text expansion queries optimizing for performance.