elasticsearch/docs/java-api/search.asciidoc

[[java-search]]
== Search API

The search API allows one to execute a search query and get back search hits
that match the query. It can be executed across one or more indices and
across one or more types. The query can be provided using the <<java-query-dsl,query Java API>>.
The body of the search request is built using the `SearchSourceBuilder`. Here is an example:

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchType;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders.*;
--------------------------------------------------

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("index1", "index2")
        .setTypes("type1", "type2")
        .setSearchType(SearchType.DFS_QUERY_THEN_FETCH)
        .setQuery(QueryBuilders.termQuery("multi", "test"))                 // Query
        .setPostFilter(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(12).to(18))     // Filter
        .setFrom(0).setSize(60).setExplain(true)
        .get();
--------------------------------------------------

Note that all parameters are optional. Here is the smallest search call
you can write:

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
// MatchAll on the whole cluster with all default options
SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch().get();
--------------------------------------------------

NOTE:   Although the Java API defines the additional search types QUERY_AND_FETCH and
        DFS_QUERY_AND_FETCH, these modes are internal optimizations and should not
        be specified explicitly by users of the API.

For more information on the search operation, check out the REST
{ref}/search.html[search] docs.


[[java-search-scrolling]]
=== Using scrolls in Java

Read the {ref}/search-request-scroll.html[scroll documentation]
first!

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
import static org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders.*;

QueryBuilder qb = termQuery("multi", "test");

SearchResponse scrollResp = client.prepareSearch(test)
        .addSort(FieldSortBuilder.DOC_FIELD_NAME, SortOrder.ASC)
        .setScroll(new TimeValue(60000))
        .setQuery(qb)
        .setSize(100).get(); //max of 100 hits will be returned for each scroll
//Scroll until no hits are returned
do {
    for (SearchHit hit : scrollResp.getHits().getHits()) {
        //Handle the hit...
    }

    scrollResp = client.prepareSearchScroll(scrollResp.getScrollId()).setScroll(new TimeValue(60000)).execute().actionGet();
} while(scrollResp.getHits().getHits().length != 0); // Zero hits mark the end of the scroll and the while loop.
--------------------------------------------------

[[java-search-msearch]]
=== MultiSearch API

See {ref}/search-multi-search.html[MultiSearch API Query]
documentation

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
SearchRequestBuilder srb1 = client
    .prepareSearch().setQuery(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("elasticsearch")).setSize(1);
SearchRequestBuilder srb2 = client
    .prepareSearch().setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "kimchy")).setSize(1);

MultiSearchResponse sr = client.prepareMultiSearch()
        .add(srb1)
        .add(srb2)
        .get();

// You will get all individual responses from MultiSearchResponse#getResponses()
long nbHits = 0;
for (MultiSearchResponse.Item item : sr.getResponses()) {
    SearchResponse response = item.getResponse();
    nbHits += response.getHits().getTotalHits();
}
--------------------------------------------------


[[java-search-aggs]]
=== Using Aggregations

The following code shows how to add two aggregations within your search:

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
SearchResponse sr = client.prepareSearch()
    .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery())
    .addAggregation(
            AggregationBuilders.terms("agg1").field("field")
    )
    .addAggregation(
            AggregationBuilders.dateHistogram("agg2")
                    .field("birth")
                    .dateHistogramInterval(DateHistogramInterval.YEAR)
    )
    .get();

// Get your facet results
Terms agg1 = sr.getAggregations().get("agg1");
Histogram agg2 = sr.getAggregations().get("agg2");
--------------------------------------------------

See <<java-aggs,Aggregations Java API>>
documentation for details.


[[java-search-terminate-after]]
=== Terminate After

The maximum number of documents to collect for each shard, upon reaching which the query execution will terminate early.
If set, you will be able to check if the operation terminated early by asking for `isTerminatedEarly()` in the
`SearchResponse` object:

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
SearchResponse sr = client.prepareSearch(INDEX)
    .setTerminateAfter(1000)    <1>
    .get();

if (sr.isTerminatedEarly()) {
    // We finished early
}
--------------------------------------------------
<1> Finish after 1000 docs

[[java-search-template]]
=== Search Template

See {ref}/search-template.html[Search Template] documentation

Define your template parameters as a `Map<String,Object>`:

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
Map<String, Object> template_params = new HashMap<>();
template_params.put("param_gender", "male");
--------------------------------------------------

You can use your stored search templates in `config/scripts`.
For example, if you have a file named `config/scripts/template_gender.mustache` containing:

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
    "query" : {
        "match" : {
            "gender" : "{{param_gender}}"
        }
    }
}
--------------------------------------------------
// NOTCONSOLE

Create your search template request:

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
SearchResponse sr = new SearchTemplateRequestBuilder(client)
    .setScript("template_gender")                 <1>
    .setScriptType(ScriptService.ScriptType.FILE) <2>
    .setScriptParams(template_params)             <3>
    .setRequest(new SearchRequest())              <4>
    .get()                                        <5>
    .getResponse();                               <6>
--------------------------------------------------
<1> template name
<2> template stored on disk in `gender_template.mustache`
<3> parameters
<4> set the execution context (ie. define the index name here)
<5> execute and get the template response
<6> get from the template response the search response itself

You can also store your template in the cluster state:

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
client.admin().cluster().preparePutStoredScript()
    .setScriptLang("mustache")
    .setId("template_gender")
    .setSource(new BytesArray(
        "{\n" +
        "    \"query\" : {\n" +
        "        \"match\" : {\n" +
        "            \"gender\" : \"{{param_gender}}\"\n" +
        "        }\n" +
        "    }\n" +
        "}")).get();
--------------------------------------------------

To execute a stored templates, use `ScriptService.ScriptType.STORED`:

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
SearchResponse sr = new SearchTemplateRequestBuilder(client)
        .setScript("template_gender")                       <1>
        .setScriptType(ScriptType.STORED)     <2>
        .setScriptParams(template_params)                   <3>
        .setRequest(new SearchRequest())                    <4>
        .get()                                              <5>
        .getResponse();                                     <6>
--------------------------------------------------
<1> template name
<2> template stored in the cluster state
<3> parameters
<4> set the execution context (ie. define the index name here)
<5> execute and get the template response
<6> get from the template response the search response itself

You can also execute inline templates:

[source,java]
--------------------------------------------------
sr = new SearchTemplateRequestBuilder(client)
        .setScript("{\n" +                                  <1>
                "        \"query\" : {\n" +
                "            \"match\" : {\n" +
                "                \"gender\" : \"{{param_gender}}\"\n" +
                "            }\n" +
                "        }\n" +
                "}")
        .setScriptType(ScriptType.INLINE)    <2>
        .setScriptParams(template_params)                  <3>
        .setRequest(new SearchRequest())                   <4>
        .get()                                             <5>
        .getResponse();                                    <6>
--------------------------------------------------
<1> template name
<2> template is passed inline
<3> parameters
<4> set the execution context (ie. define the index name here)
<5> execute and get the template response
<6> get from the template response the search response itself