elasticsearch/TESTING.asciidoc

[[Testing Framework Cheatsheet]]
= Testing

[partintro]

Elasticsearch uses jUnit for testing, it also uses randomness in the
tests, that can be set using a seed, the following is a cheatsheet of
options for running the tests for ES.

== Creating packages

To create a distribution without running the tests, simply run the
following:

-----------------------------
mvn clean package -DskipTests
-----------------------------

== Other test options

To disable and enable network transport, set the `Des.node.mode`.

Use network transport:

------------------------------------
-Des.node.mode=network
------------------------------------

Use local transport (default since 1.3):

-------------------------------------
-Des.node.mode=local
-------------------------------------

Alternatively, you can set the `ES_TEST_LOCAL` environment variable:

-------------------------------------
export ES_TEST_LOCAL=true && mvn test
-------------------------------------

=== Running Elasticsearch from a checkout

In order to run Elasticsearch from source without building a package, you can
run it using Maven:

-------------------------------------
mvn compile exec:exec
-------------------------------------

=== Test case filtering.

- `tests.class` is a class-filtering shell-like glob pattern,
- `tests.method` is a method-filtering glob pattern.

Run a single test case (variants)

----------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.class=org.elasticsearch.package.ClassName
mvn test "-Dtests.class=*.ClassName"
----------------------------------------------------------

Run all tests in a package and sub-packages

----------------------------------------------------
mvn test "-Dtests.class=org.elasticsearch.package.*"
----------------------------------------------------

Run any test methods that contain 'esi' (like: ...r*esi*ze...).

-------------------------------
mvn test "-Dtests.method=*esi*"
-------------------------------

You can also filter tests by certain annotations ie:

  * `@Slow` - tests that are know to take a long time to execute
  * `@Nightly` - tests that only run in nightly builds (disabled by default)
  * `@Integration` - integration tests
  * `@Backwards` - backwards compatibility tests (disabled by default)
  * `@AwaitsFix` - tests that are waiting for a bugfix (disabled by default)
  * `@BadApple` - tests that are known to fail randomly (disabled by default)

Those annotation names can be combined into a filter expression like:

------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.filter="@nightly and not @slow" 
------------------------------------------------

to run all nightly test but not the ones that are slow. `tests.filter` supports
the boolean operators `and, or, not` and grouping ie:


---------------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.filter="@nightly and not(@slow or @backwards)" 
---------------------------------------------------------------

=== Seed and repetitions.

Run with a given seed (seed is a hex-encoded long).

------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.seed=DEADBEEF
------------------------------

=== Repeats _all_ tests of ClassName N times.

Every test repetition will have a different method seed 
(derived from a single random master seed).

--------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.iters=N -Dtests.class=*.ClassName
--------------------------------------------------

=== Repeats _all_ tests of ClassName N times.

Every test repetition will have exactly the same master (0xdead) and
method-level (0xbeef) seed.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.iters=N -Dtests.class=*.ClassName -Dtests.seed=DEAD:BEEF
------------------------------------------------------------------------

=== Repeats a given test N times

(note the filters - individual test repetitions are given suffixes,
ie: testFoo[0], testFoo[1], etc... so using testmethod or tests.method
ending in a glob is necessary to ensure iterations are run).

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.iters=N -Dtests.class=*.ClassName -Dtests.method=mytest*
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

Repeats N times but skips any tests after the first failure or M initial failures.

-------------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.iters=N -Dtests.failfast=true -Dtestcase=...
mvn test -Dtests.iters=N -Dtests.maxfailures=M -Dtestcase=...
-------------------------------------------------------------

=== Test groups.

Test groups can be enabled or disabled (true/false).

Default value provided below in [brackets].

------------------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.nightly=[false]   - nightly test group (@Nightly)
mvn test -Dtests.weekly=[false]    - weekly tests (@Weekly)
mvn test -Dtests.awaitsfix=[false] - known issue (@AwaitsFix)
mvn test -Dtests.slow=[true]       - slow tests (@Slow)
------------------------------------------------------------------

=== Load balancing and caches.

By default, the tests run sequentially on a single forked JVM. 

To run with more forked JVMs than the default use:

----------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.jvms=8 test
----------------------------

Don't count hypercores for CPU-intense tests and leave some slack
for JVM-internal threads (like the garbage collector). Make sure there is 
enough RAM to handle child JVMs.

=== Test compatibility.

It is possible to provide a version that allows to adapt the tests behaviour
to older features or bugs that have been changed or fixed in the meantime.

-----------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.compatibility=1.0.0
-----------------------------------------


=== Miscellaneous.

Run all tests without stopping on errors (inspect log files).

-----------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.haltonfailure=false test
-----------------------------------------

Run more verbose output (slave JVM parameters, etc.).

----------------------
mvn test -verbose test
----------------------

Change the default suite timeout to 5 seconds for all
tests (note the exclamation mark).

---------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.timeoutSuite=5000! ...
---------------------------------------

Change the logging level of ES (not mvn)

--------------------------------
mvn test -Des.logger.level=DEBUG
--------------------------------

Print all the logging output from the test runs to the commandline
even if tests are passing.

------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.output=always
------------------------------

Configure the heap size.

------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.heap.size=512m 
------------------------------

Pass arbitrary jvm arguments.

------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.jvm.argline="-XX:HeapDumpPath=/path/to/heapdumps"
------------------------------

== Backwards Compatibility Tests

Running backwards compatibility tests is disabled by default since it
requires a release version of elasticsearch to be present on the test system.
To run backwards compatibilty tests untar or unzip a release and run the tests
with the following command:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.filter="@backwards" -Dtests.bwc.version=x.y.z -Dtests.bwc.path=/path/to/elasticsearch -Dtests.security.manager=false
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Note that backwards tests must be run with security manager disabled.
If the elasticsearch release is placed under `./backwards/elasticsearch-x.y.z` the path
can be omitted:
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.filter="@backwards" -Dtests.bwc.version=x.y.z -Dtests.security.manager=false
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

To setup the bwc test environment execute the following steps (provided you are
already in your elasticsearch clone):

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ mkdir backwards && cd backwards
$ curl -O https://download.elasticsearch.org/elasticsearch/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-1.2.1.tar.gz
$ tar -xzf elasticsearch-1.2.1.tar.gz 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

== Testing the REST layer

The available integration tests make use of the java API to communicate with
the elasticsearch nodes, using the internal binary transport (port 9300 by
default).
The REST layer is tested through specific tests that are shared between all
the elasticsearch official clients and consist of YAML files that describe the
operations to be executed and the obtained results that need to be tested.

The REST tests are run automatically when executing the maven test command. To run only the
REST tests use the following command:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dtests.filter="@Rest"
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

`ElasticsearchRestTests` is the executable test class that runs all the
yaml suites available within the `rest-api-spec` folder.

The REST tests support all the options provided by the randomized runner, plus the following:

* `tests.rest[true|false]`: determines whether the REST tests need to be run (default) or not.
* `tests.rest.suite`: comma separated paths of the test suites to be run
(by default loaded from /rest-api-spec/test). It is possible to run only a subset
of the tests providing a sub-folder or even a single yaml file (the default
/rest-api-spec/test prefix is optional when files are loaded from classpath)
e.g. -Dtests.rest.suite=index,get,create/10_with_id
* `tests.rest.blacklist`: comma separated globs that identify tests that are
blacklisted and need to be skipped
e.g. -Dtests.rest.blacklist=index/*/Index document,get/10_basic/*
* `tests.rest.spec`: REST spec path (default /rest-api-spec/api)

Note that the REST tests, like all the integration tests, can be run against an external
cluster by specifying the `tests.cluster` property, which if present needs to contain a
comma separated list of nodes to connect to (e.g. localhost:9300). A transport client will
be created based on that and used for all the before|after test operations, and to extract
the http addresses of the nodes so that REST requests can be sent to them.

== Skip validate

To disable validation step (forbidden API or `// NOCOMMIT`) use

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Dvalidate.skip=true
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

You can also skip this by using the "dev" profile:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
mvn test -Pdev
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

== Testing scripts

Shell scripts can be tested with the Bash Automate Testing System tool available
at https://github.com/sstephenson/bats. Once the tool is installed, you can
execute a .bats test file with the following command:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
bats test_file.bats
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

When executing the test files located in the `/packaging/scripts` folder,
it's possible to add the flag `ES_CLEAN_BEFORE_TEST=true` to clean the test
environment before the tests are executed:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ES_CLEAN_BEFORE_TEST=true bats 30_deb_package.bats
---------------------------------------------------------------------------