elasticsearch/docs/reference/index-modules/slowlog.asciidoc

[[index-modules-slowlog]]
== Slow Log

[float]
[[search-slow-log]]
=== Search Slow Log

Shard level slow search log allows to log slow search (query and fetch
phases) into a dedicated log file.

Thresholds can be set for both the query phase of the execution, and
fetch phase, here is a sample:

[source,yaml]
--------------------------------------------------
index.search.slowlog.threshold.query.warn: 10s
index.search.slowlog.threshold.query.info: 5s
index.search.slowlog.threshold.query.debug: 2s
index.search.slowlog.threshold.query.trace: 500ms

index.search.slowlog.threshold.fetch.warn: 1s
index.search.slowlog.threshold.fetch.info: 800ms
index.search.slowlog.threshold.fetch.debug: 500ms
index.search.slowlog.threshold.fetch.trace: 200ms

index.search.slowlog.level: info
--------------------------------------------------

All of the above settings are _dynamic_ and can be set for each index using the
<<indices-update-settings, update indices settings>> API. For example: 

[source,console]
--------------------------------------------------
PUT /twitter/_settings
{
    "index.search.slowlog.threshold.query.warn": "10s",
    "index.search.slowlog.threshold.query.info": "5s",
    "index.search.slowlog.threshold.query.debug": "2s",
    "index.search.slowlog.threshold.query.trace": "500ms",
    "index.search.slowlog.threshold.fetch.warn": "1s",
    "index.search.slowlog.threshold.fetch.info": "800ms",
    "index.search.slowlog.threshold.fetch.debug": "500ms",
    "index.search.slowlog.threshold.fetch.trace": "200ms",
    "index.search.slowlog.level": "info"
}
--------------------------------------------------
// TEST[setup:twitter]

By default, none are enabled (set to `-1`). Levels (`warn`, `info`,
`debug`, `trace`) allow to control under which logging level the log
will be logged. Not all are required to be configured (for example, only
`warn` threshold can be set). The benefit of several levels is the
ability to quickly "grep" for specific thresholds breached.

The logging is done on the shard level scope, meaning the execution of a
search request within a specific shard. It does not encompass the whole
search request, which can be broadcast to several shards in order to
execute. Some of the benefits of shard level logging is the association
of the actual execution on the specific machine, compared with request
level.

The logging file is configured by default using the following
configuration (found in `log4j2.properties`):

[source,properties]
--------------------------------------------------
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.type = RollingFile
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.name = index_search_slowlog_rolling
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.fileName = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}${sys:file.separator}${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}_index_search_slowlog.log
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.layout.type = PatternLayout
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.layout.pattern = [%d{ISO8601}][%-5p][%-25c] [%node_name]%marker %.-10000m%n
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.filePattern = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}${sys:file.separator}${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}_index_search_slowlog-%i.log.gz
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.policies.type = Policies
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.policies.size.type = SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.policies.size.size = 1GB
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.strategy.type = DefaultRolloverStrategy
appender.index_search_slowlog_rolling.strategy.max = 4

logger.index_search_slowlog_rolling.name = index.search.slowlog
logger.index_search_slowlog_rolling.level = trace
logger.index_search_slowlog_rolling.appenderRef.index_search_slowlog_rolling.ref = index_search_slowlog_rolling
logger.index_search_slowlog_rolling.additivity = false
--------------------------------------------------

[float]
==== Identifying search slow log origin

It is often useful to identify what triggered a slow running query. If a call was initiated with an `X-Opaque-ID` header, then the user ID
is included in Search Slow logs as an additional **id** field (scroll to the right).
[source,txt]
---------------------------
[2030-08-30T11:59:37,786][WARN ][i.s.s.query              ] [node-0] [index6][0] took[78.4micros], took_millis[0], total_hits[0 hits], stats[], search_type[QUERY_THEN_FETCH], total_shards[1], source[{"query":{"match_all":{"boost":1.0}}}], id[MY_USER_ID],
---------------------------
// NOTCONSOLE
The user ID is also included in JSON logs.
[source,js]
---------------------------
{
  "type": "index_search_slowlog",
  "timestamp": "2030-08-30T11:59:37,786+02:00",
  "level": "WARN",
  "component": "i.s.s.query",
  "cluster.name": "distribution_run",
  "node.name": "node-0",
  "message": "[index6][0]",
  "took": "78.4micros",
  "took_millis": "0",
  "total_hits": "0 hits",
  "stats": "[]",
  "search_type": "QUERY_THEN_FETCH",
  "total_shards": "1",
  "source": "{\"query\":{\"match_all\":{\"boost\":1.0}}}",
  "id": "MY_USER_ID",
  "cluster.uuid": "Aq-c-PAeQiK3tfBYtig9Bw",
  "node.id": "D7fUYfnfTLa2D7y-xw6tZg"
}
---------------------------
// NOTCONSOLE

[float]
[[index-slow-log]]
=== Index Slow log

The indexing slow log, similar in functionality to the search slow
log. The log file name ends with `_index_indexing_slowlog.log`. Log and
the thresholds are configured in the same way as the search slowlog.
Index slowlog sample:

[source,yaml]
--------------------------------------------------
index.indexing.slowlog.threshold.index.warn: 10s
index.indexing.slowlog.threshold.index.info: 5s
index.indexing.slowlog.threshold.index.debug: 2s
index.indexing.slowlog.threshold.index.trace: 500ms
index.indexing.slowlog.level: info
index.indexing.slowlog.source: 1000
--------------------------------------------------

All of the above settings are _dynamic_ and can be set for each index using the
<<indices-update-settings, update indices settings>> API. For example: 

[source,console]
--------------------------------------------------
PUT /twitter/_settings
{
    "index.indexing.slowlog.threshold.index.warn": "10s",
    "index.indexing.slowlog.threshold.index.info": "5s",
    "index.indexing.slowlog.threshold.index.debug": "2s",
    "index.indexing.slowlog.threshold.index.trace": "500ms",
    "index.indexing.slowlog.level": "info",
    "index.indexing.slowlog.source": "1000"
}
--------------------------------------------------
// TEST[setup:twitter]

By default Elasticsearch will log the first 1000 characters of the _source in
the slowlog. You can change that with `index.indexing.slowlog.source`. Setting
it to `false` or `0` will skip logging the source entirely an setting it to
`true` will log the entire source regardless of size. The original `_source` is
reformatted by default to make sure that it fits on a single log line. If preserving
the original document format is important, you can turn off reformatting by setting
`index.indexing.slowlog.reformat` to `false`, which will cause the source to be
logged "as is" and can potentially span multiple log lines.

The index slow log file is configured by default in the `log4j2.properties`
file:

[source,properties]
--------------------------------------------------
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.type = RollingFile
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.name = index_indexing_slowlog_rolling
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.fileName = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}${sys:file.separator}${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}_index_indexing_slowlog.log
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.layout.type = PatternLayout
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.layout.pattern = [%d{ISO8601}][%-5p][%-25c] [%node_name]%marker %.-10000m%n
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.filePattern = ${sys:es.logs.base_path}${sys:file.separator}${sys:es.logs.cluster_name}_index_indexing_slowlog-%i.log.gz
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.policies.type = Policies
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.policies.size.type = SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.policies.size.size = 1GB
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.strategy.type = DefaultRolloverStrategy
appender.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.strategy.max = 4

logger.index_indexing_slowlog.name = index.indexing.slowlog.index
logger.index_indexing_slowlog.level = trace
logger.index_indexing_slowlog.appenderRef.index_indexing_slowlog_rolling.ref = index_indexing_slowlog_rolling
logger.index_indexing_slowlog.additivity = false
--------------------------------------------------